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Long-Term Sea Surface Temperature Variability along the U.S. East Coast

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Abstract
  • Sea surface temperature variations along the entire U.S. East Coast from 1875 to 2007 are characterized using a collection of historical observations from lighthouses and lightships combined with recent buoy and shore-based measurements. Long-term coastal temperature trends are warming in the Gulf of Maine [1.0° ± 0.3°C (100 yr)⁻¹] and Middle Atlantic Bight [0.7° ± 0.3°C (100 yr)⁻¹], whereas trends are weakly cooling or not significant in the South Atlantic Bight [−0.1° ± 0.3°C (100 yr)⁻¹] and off Florida [−0.3° ± 0.2°C (100 yr)⁻¹]. Over the last century, temperatures along the northeastern U.S. coast have warmed at a rate 1.8–2.5 times the regional atmospheric temperature trend but are comparable to warming rates for the Arctic and Labrador, the source of coastal ocean waters north of Cape Hatteras (36°N). South of Cape Hatteras, coastal ocean temperature trends match the regional atmospheric temperature trend. The observations and a simple model show that along-shelf transport, associated with the mean coastal current system running from Labrador to Cape Hatteras, is the mechanism controlling long-term temperature changes for this region and not the local air–sea exchange of heat.
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  • Shearman, R. Kipp, Steven J. Lentz, 2010: Long-Term Sea Surface Temperature Variability along the U.S. East Coast. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 40, 1004–1017.
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  • 40
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  • 5
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Déclaration de droits
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  • This work was supported by NSF Grant OCE-0220773.
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