Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation

 

Biology and control of tuber oatgrass (Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) presl. var. Bulbosum (willd.) spenn.) Öffentlichkeit Deposited

Herunterladbarer Inhalt

PDF Herunterladen
https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/05741v131

Descriptions

Attribute NameValues
Creator
Abstract
  • Tuber oatgrass (Arrhenatherum elatius (L.) Presl. var. bulbosum (Willd.) Spenn.) is a perennial grass that often becomes a weed problem in Western Oregon. Control efforts using glyphosate often give unsatisfactory results. The effects of several factors on development of tuber oatgrass were investigated. Long days and cool temperatures (16/8h, 20/10C day/night) were favorable conditions for shoot growth in this study. Temperature increases from 20/10C to 30/20C day/night hastened corm formation in plants growing under short days (8/16h day/night), but not in those growing under long days (16/8h day/night). Vernalization was not required for plants to produce flowers. Tuber oatgrass seeds were not dormant and had a high germination percentage. Seed germination was most rapid at 15C; increasing the temperature to 25C significantly reduced total germination. Initial germination was delayed at 8 and 25C. The total total number of corms that sprouted was the same at 8, 15, 25, and alternating 20/30C at 16/8h. Corms at different stages of maturity sprouted at different times. Immature corms sprouted more slowly and the time required for total sprouting was longer than that of mature corms. This variation in corm maturity would reduce the effectiveness of a single herbicide application. Growth and development of tuber oatgrass was investigated in plants growing in the field and in outdoor pots. Under the mild climate of the Willamette Valley, Oregon, shoot emergence occurred in early fall, followed by vegetative growth during the winter and spring. In the summer, above-ground portions of the plant stopped growing and senesced. The highest absolute growth rate of the plants occurred in early May, shortly before the onset of the reproductive stage. In early May, the growth rate of corms was higher than that of the shoot. The efficacy of glyphosate on tuber oatgrass was investigated in greenhouse and growth chamber studies. Glyphosate at 1.2 and 2.5 kg ae/ha significantly reduced new corm formation and corm viability. A 24-h period between glyphosate application and removal of the shoots was sufficient to cause maximum reduction in regrowth. Glyphosate applied at the 6- to 7-leaf stage controlled all of the tuber oatgrass. The total amount of ¹⁴C translocated out of treated leaves did not differ among different growth stages, but more ¹⁴C accumulated in the dormant corms when applied in 10 ul droplets at the 2- to 3-leaf stage than at the 4- to 5- or 6- to 7-leaf stages. Most of the poor control in the field from glyphosate is probably due to dormant corms in the soil that are not connected with an emerged shoot.
Resource Type
Date Available
Date Issued
Degree Level
Degree Name
Degree Field
Degree Grantor
Commencement Year
Advisor
Committee Member
Academic Affiliation
Non-Academic Affiliation
Subject
Urheberrechts-Erklärung
Publisher
Peer Reviewed
Language
Digitization Specifications
  • File scanned at 300 ppi (Monochrome) using ScandAll PRO 1.8.1 on a Fi-6670 in PDF format. CVista PdfCompressor 4.0 was used for pdf compression and textual OCR.
Replaces

Beziehungen

Parents:

This work has no parents.

In Collection:

Artikel