Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

A comparison between anthropometric regression equations and hydrostatic weighing for predicting percent body fat of adult males with Down Syndrome

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  • The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of eight anthropometric regression equations with hydrostatic weighing for predicting the percent body fat of adult males with Down Syndrome (DS). Body fat percentages were predicted for 18 adult males with DS. Skinfold, circumference, and bioelectric impedance analysis data were collected to determine how accurately the regression equations could predict the percent fat of these individuals when compared to hydrostatic weighing. Since hydrostatic weighing involves a number of complex procedures two pilot studies were conducted. Four subjects participated in the pilot studies. The first pilot was conducted to determine if a constant value of residual volume could be utilized during hydrostatic weighing, or if a measured value, determined by oxygen dilution, needed to be used. The second pilot was performed to determine if hydrostatic weighing at total lung capacity without head submersion could be substituted for the conventional method of hydrostatic weighing. Paired t-tests revealed no significant differences in either pilot study, t (3) = .274, p. < .05 and t (3) = .314, 11 < .05, respectively. Pearson product-moment correlations revealed r values of .99 for both pilot studies. Based on these results a constant residual volume value of 1.50 L and hydrostatic weighing at total lung capacity without head submersion were the procedures utilized in the main research study. A one-way repeated measures analysis of variance revealed a significant difference between the body fat data obtained from hydrostatic weighing and the regression equations, F (8, 136) = 16.05, < .05. Dunnett's post-hoc procedure revealed significant differences in five of the eight equations. Of the three equations that did not yield significantly different results, only the Kelly and Rimmer (1987), r = .89, SEE = 2.51, 12 <.05, can be recommended for use. Based on these results, it appears that a constant value of 1.50 L for residual volume and hydrostatic weighing at total lung capacity without head submersion can be utilized when predicting the percent body fat of adult males with DS. This will allow increased numbers of individuals with DS to be hydrostatically weighed. Also, the use of the Kelly and Rimmer (1987) equation will allow researchers and practitioners to utilize an easy, fast, accurate, and inexpensive method of predicting the percent body fat of adult males with DS.
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