Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Molecular genetics of frost hardiness and cold acclimation in Solanum species

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  • Frost injury is one of the major factors limiting potato production in many parts of the world. It would be desirable to transfer the frost-tolerance traits from the hardy relatives to the cultivated potato, however, progress has been very slow. Since Solanum commersonii has been the major source of frost hardiness for improving the frost tolerance of the cultivated potato, we investigated the molecular basis of frost hardiness traits in this species. Three segregating populations were derived from a cross between Solanum commersonii (cmm) and S. cardiophyllum (cph), two parental genotypes with contrasting frost hardiness and cold acclimation potential. There was considerable variation in both traits studied in all three populations (F₁, F₁ x cmm, and F₁ x cph). Frost hardiness and cold acclimation were not correlated and variation for both traits could be best explained by an additive-dominance model, with "additive" effects the most important. Broad sense heritability was moderate to high (0.45-0.85) indicating that these traits are highly heritable. A pseudo-testcross F₁ population, consisting of 73 individuals segregating for both frost hardiness and cold acclimation traits, was used to generate either cmm or cph specific RAPD and AFLP markers. A 95-marker-map with 12 linkage groups was constructed from these data. The cumulative length of this cmm-specific map is 194.5 cM, covering approximately 20% of the potato genome, with an average of 2.05 cM between contiguous loci. Interval mapping QTL analysis revealed one significant QTL associated with the cold acclimation trait. By regression analysis two markers that accounted for 22.30% of the variation in frost hardiness were detected, and five markers were associated with cold acclimation, and could explain 43.80 % of the phenotypic variance. These data will provide the foundation for future studies to dissect the complex genetic traits of frost tolerance in Solanum species.
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