Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Biotin supplementation of corn and wheat based rations and its influence on dermatitis and hatchability in dwarf and normal-size Single Comb White Leghorns

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  • Three experiments were conducted to determine the influence of supplementary biotin and of other nutrients on dermatitis and hatchability in both normal-size and dwarf Single Comb White Leghorn layers. Experiment One was divided into two parts. First, preliminary hatchability studies were conducted with both types of layers fed the rations that had led to the observation of a difference in the incidence of dermatitis. Second, the dwarfs were fed supplementary biotin only in the wheat rations while the normals continued to be fed the same corn and wheat rations without biotin supplementation. Preliminary hatchability data on eggs obtained from both types of layers before any biotin supplementation indicated no difference in hatchability of fertile eggs between types or between rations. Some of the dead embryos in both types of layers showed abnormalities symptomatic of biotin deficiency; wiry and clubbed down. The second part of Experiment One showed that the addition of supplementary biotin to the wheat rations fed the dwarfs slightly improved hatchability over that observed in the preliminary period. However, the normals fed the unsupplemented corn and wheat rations and the dwarfs fed unsupplemented corn ration also had improved hatchability of their fertile eggs of the same magnitude. In Experiment Two, wheat and corn based diets were supplemented with various levels up to 200 mg/T of biotin and fed to both the dwarf and the normal-size Single Comb White Leghorns. Graduated levels of biotin supplementation of both corn and wheat rations had no effect on the incidence of dermatitis nor on the hatchability of fertile eggs. In Experiment Three, the vitamin premix, the trace mineral mix and DL methionine were added singly and all together in excess of requirements to the presumably adequate corn diet fed both the normals and the dwarfs. The vitamin premix, the trace mineral mix and the DL methionine supplementation of the basal diet were all ineffective in preventing dermatitis and in affecting hatchability. The addition of all the various supplements together did not have any effect either on dermatitis or 'on hatchability. The normal and the dwarf layers showed a lower hatchability when trace mineral mix was added to the corn diet but the difference was not significant.
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