Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The effect of concentration on diffusion coefficients in binary systems

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  • Diffusion coefficients were determined for the chloroform-air system at 50°C and for the methanol-air system at 55°C by the Arnold cell technique. The effect of concentration was studied by varying the concentration of the gas stream passing across the top of the Arnold cell. The chloroform-air system exhibited a strong dependency on concentration; for this system the diffusion coefficient changed by approximately ten percent as the chloroform concentration in the gas stream was changed from zero to 56 percent. The variation of the diffusion coefficient in the methanol-air system was small; a total variation of one percent was observed over the concentration range of zero to 46 percent methanol. Since the variation of diffusion coefficient for methanol-air system was of the order of one percent, assumption of constancy of diffusion coefficient with concentration would cause little error in design calculations; hence, no correlation was attempted for the methanol-air system. However attempts were made to correlate the concentration dependency of diffusion coefficients in the chloro form-air system. It was found that a quadratic functional relationship in concentration for the diffusion coefficients was the best possible correlation. A quadratic function in weight fraction was used to account for the effect of molecular weight differences. It was concluded that the difference in molecular weight of the two diffusing species has a pronounced effect on the variation of diffusion coefficients with concentration.
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