Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The GEK signatures of lowest mode internal waves

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  • Present GEK (Geomagnetic Electrokinetograph) theory is extended to include internal waves of the lowest mode. The predicted towed electrode GEK signal is determined to second-order for long-crested internal waves in a finite but deep ocean. The analysis includes the determination of GEK signatures for small amplitude and finite amplitude interfacial waves along shallow thermoclines. In addition, the GEK response to internal waves existent in a continuously stratified fluid is discussed along with a particular application of the GEK theory to internal waves in a sea possessing a density profile of the form p₀ = p₀ (0) (1-μz). The validity of the theory is restricted to waves within the wave number range k = 10⁻⁴ m⁻¹ to k = 10 m⁻¹ due to the assumption that the electric currents associated with time variations in the induced magnetic field be negligible. The results indicate that internal waves of reasonable amplitude would produce a detectable signal at mid and high latitudes, but would be undetectable at low latitudes. The vertical component of the Earth's magnetic field, Hz, and the wave amplitude are shown to have the dominant effect in determining the magnitude of the GEK signal. For fixed latitude and wave number, the interfacial wave GEK signal increases as the depth of the thermocline decreases. Similarly for fixed latitude and thermocline depth, the signal increases as the wave number k decreases. As the density difference across the thermocline increases, the GEK response will increase. Corresponding relationships exist for continuous density internal wave GEK values but are found to be less influential. Finally, internal standing waves are shown to produce no detectable signal voltages. A discussion of experimental precautions necessary in the GEK monitoring of internal waves is also included.
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