Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Hydrocortisone permeation study using a synthetic membrane, mouse skin and an epiderm cultured skin

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Preparation of orally disintegrating tablets of melatonin and acetaminophen

Pharmacokinetics of terbinafine in penguins

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/41687k43f

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  • The first project of this thesis is an in vitro study. This study was performed with 8 hydrocortisone topical products on the market for the purpose of comparing one Tec Lab product, a Corticool gel, to the other seven common products on the market. The permeation of these products was tested with three types of membranes: a synthetic membrane, a mouse skin, and an EpidermTM using a Franz Cell apparatus. The synthetic membrane seemed to over-estimate the hydrocortisone permeation through the skin. Mouse skin has a higher permeation compared to human cultured skin, EpidermTM. Corticool gel (1% hydrocortisone), which has a higher hydrocortisone solubility compared to other creams and lotions, showed a significantly higher drug diffusion rate through all of the three membranes. The Corticool gel exhibited better hydrocortisone permeation than the Prescription hydrocortisone cream 2.5%. Cortizone-10 ointment (1% hydrocortisone) showed a very low hydrocortisone permeation through all of the three membranes. It is predicted that the same comparative behavior would be observed in vivo on applying these formulations. Corticool gel is suggested to be used for fast action treatment. The second project related to a preparation of orally disintegrating tablets of melatonin and orally disintegrating tablets containing sustained-release beads of acetaminophen. A combination of superdisintegrants, amino acids, effervescent materials, and sweeteners was placed into a melatonin tablet and then compressed into a normal-shaped tablet. The melatonin tablet exhibited a short disintegration time in water, had adequate hardness, and passed the friability test. This tablet also tasted good and could be used for children and vulnerable subjects having difficulty in swallowing. The acetaminophen tablet combines two desirable properties: fast disintegration and sustained release of the drug. Acetaminophen sustained-release beads were added inside the tablet. The tablet disintegrated very quickly in water to release the sustained-release beads. By using hydrophilic polymers (HPMC and polyethylene oxide), the sustained release beads were protected and the sustained-release properties maintained. Similar excipients to those used in the melatonin tablet were used as excipients in the acetaminophen tablet to obtain fast tablet disintegration. A higher pressure was needed to combine beads and other excipients surrounding the beads into tablets. The tablets also had longer disintegration times but were still considered fast disintegrating tablets. The third project is a pharmacokinetic study of terbinafine in penguins aiming at treatment aspergillosis. Terbinafine was administered orally by single dosing and multiple dosing to African penguins (Spheniscus demersus). The pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated. The best-fitted model, a two-compartment open model with a deep-tissue elimination phase, was selected. A recommended dose also was calculated to treat fungal infections in penguins.
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