Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Comparative electrophoretic analysis of plasma protein fractions from deep pectoral myopathic, hereditary muscular dystrophic, and a normal line of turkeys

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  • Two experiments were conducted to try and differentiate variations in the levels of total plasma protein and plasma protein fractions from three lines of turkeys, each with distinct muscle morphological characteristics--Deep Pectoral Myopathy (DPM), Hereditary Muscular Dystrophy (MDY), and a Broad Breasted Bronze control (J). Ten day old poults from each of the three lines were grown in similar environments. Individual blood plasma samples were collected, body weights and breast width measurements determined at 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age (WOA) (Experiment 1), and at 20, 30, 40 and 50 WOA (Experiment 2). Total plasma protein concentrations of both myopathic lines (combined sexes) were greater (P<0.05) than that of the control line at 12 WOA. DPM birds continued to exhibit higher (P<0.05) total protein levels than the control line through 16 WOA. At 20 and 40 WOA, DPM females had higher (P<0.05) total protein levels than the control females. A total of 6 plasma protein fractions were commonly observed in the electrophoretograms of the three lines of turkeys. The highest levels of pre-albumin and albumin were encountered in both the DPM and MDY lines at 12 WOA, with DPM birds maintaining higher levels (P<0.05) of albumin also at 16 WOA. No consistent trends were observed in pre-albumin and albumin levels of males and females from the three lines from 20 to 50 WOA; however, significant differences (P<0.05) between sexes were observed in the two fractions when compared within each line. DPM and MDY groups exhibited higher levels (P<0.05) of alpha-1 and alpha-2 globulins than the control values at 12 WOA, with MDY birds having greater levels (P<0.05) of beta and gamma globulins at 16 WOA. When compared to females from the control group (J), DPM females had significantly greater levels of alpha-2 and gamma globulins at 20 WOA, and higher levels (P<0.05) of alpha-2 and beta globulins at 40 WOA. At 40 and 50 WOA, DPM males exhibited greater levels (P<0.05) of alpha-2 globulin when compared to that of the control males. Comparisons between sexes within each of the three lines showed DPM and MDY females to have significantly greater levels of alpha-1 globulin than that of the respective males at 20 and 40 WOA. At 50 WOA, DPM females exhibited lower levels of (P<0.05) alpha-2 globulin compared to DPM males, with both J and DPM females exhibiting significantly higher levels of beta globulin than those of males from the respective lines. Body weight and breast width values of both myopathic lines were lower (P<0.05) than those of the control (J) line at 8, 12 and 16 WOA (Experiment 1). Both females and males from the myopathic lines exhibited significantly lower body weights and breast widths when compared to J females and males, respectively. Significant differences were observed consistently when sexes were compared within each of the lines, with males having greater breast widths and body weights at 20, 30, 40 and 50 WOA (Experiment 2). Although variations were observed in both levels of total plasma protein and its fractions, no consistent differences were associated with either myopathic disorder. The results from this study indicate that plasma protein electrophoresis was not a suitable diagnostic technique for the two myopathic conditions.
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