Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The effect of temperature and hydrostatic pressure on protein, ribonucleic acid and deoxytibo-nucleic acid synthesis by Vibrio marinus, an obligate psychrophile

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  • The marine psychrophilic bacterium Vibrio marinus MP-4 possessed a maximum temperature and hydrostatic pressure of 20 C and 425 atm for growth. The effects of temperatures of 21 and 25 C and hydrostatic pressures of 200, 400, 500, and 1,000 atm on protein, RNA and DNA synthesis by V. marinus MP-4 were determined. The lethal temperature of 21 C stimulated the synthesis of these 3 macromolecules, whereas 25 C stimulated RNA synthesis, stopping protein and DNA synthesis. The data indicate that the cessation of protein, RNA and DNA synthesis was not the primary cause of death of this psychrophile at temperatures above 20 C. A hydrostatic pressure of 1,000 atm completely inhibited protein, RNA and DNA synthesis. At 200 atm the rates of protein and RNA synthesis decreased for approximately 60 min and then resumed the pre-pressurization 1 atm rates, whereas DNA synthesis was unaffected. Pressures of 400 and 500 atm immediately lowered the rate of protein synthesis, whereas RNA synthesis was unaffected by 400 atm. At 500 atm RNA synthesis continued at the 1 atm rate for 45 min and then shifted to a lower rate of synthesis. DNA synthesis, at 400 and 500 atm, continued at the 1 atm rate for approximately 60 min after pressurization, then gradually shifted to lower rates. Within the limits of these experiments, the pressure effects of 500 to 600 atm on protein, RNA and DNA synthesis were reversible, and these macromolecules resumed their 1 atm rates of synthesis upon pressure release. The data suggest that the primary effect of pressures from 400 to 600 atm was to lower the rate of protein synthesis, which in turn may have lowered the rates of RNA and DNA synthesis.
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