Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Biographical variables and descriptive factors of arrest circumstance which differentiate drinking drivers grouped by total number of drinking and driving offenses

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  • Drunk driving continues to be a national, state, and local problem in spite of recent changes in laws governing drinking and driving. Driving under the influence of intoxicants (DDII) has been judged to be responsible for approximately one-half of all traffic related deaths nationally, killing 25,000 Americans and injuring 700,000 annually. Not all individuals who drink are problem drivers, and not all individuals who drink and drive continue to do so after their first DUII offense. Yet, there appears to be a percentage of drinking drivers who habitually drink and drive and continue to do so regardless of previous citations, arrests, accidents, alcohol treatment rehabilitation programs, or license revocation. The purpose of this study was to identify biographical variables, as well as descriptive factors of arrest circumstances and consequences, which differentiate between drinking drivers grouped by total number of DUII offenses. The sample consisted of 397 drivers receiving one or more citation(s) for DUII from January 1, 1983 through December 31, 1983 in Benton County, Oregon. A ten year driving history was accessed using records kept by the Department of Motor Vehicles to determine the total number of drinking driving offenses for each subject. Additionally, DUII arrests occuring January 1, 1984 through July 24, 1985 were recorded. The percentage of drivers with multiple DUII arrests was 44.0%. Data were collected for each individual using arrest reports, driving records, and court records. A total of 25 biographic, driving, criminal history, circumstantial, and consequential characteristics constituted independent and predictor variables. Significant differences were found among drinking drivers grouped by total number of DUIIs and by recidivist vs. nonrecidivist status. Recidivist drinking drivers were not found to be a homogeneous group. Significant differences were found between drivers with multiple drinking and driving offenses. This study found that chronic repeat drinking and driving offenders (32 arrests) tended to be slightly older than other groups of drinking drivers, were more likely to be unemployed and have a past criminal record. Additionally, they were more likely than nonrecidivists to be arrested for drinking and driving on a weekday during afternoon and early evening hours, drive with a suspended or revoked drivers license, and refuse a blood alcohol determination test when arrested. It was also found that recidivist drinking drivers tended to have fewer nonmoving and moving traffic violations than drivers with one or two DUII arrests. The group of drinking drivers with the highest percentage of accidents associated with their 1983 DUII arrest were nonrecidivists. It was concluded that that significant differences exist among drinking drivers when grouped by the number of DUII violations.
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