Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Dormancy in Abies seedlings

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  • A full range of experiments was carried out to investigate the effects of environmental factors on the terminal bud dormancy in two high-elevation true fir species, Shasta red fir (Abies magnifica A. Murr. var. shastensis Lemm.) and noble fir (A. procera Rehd.), seedlings. Photoperiod, thermoperiod and moisture stress were of main interest. In container-grown seedlings, it was found that warm thermoperiod with moderate moisture stress and cool thermoperiod with low moisture stress induced dormancy in the initial stage of the experiment. Short photoperiod with warm thermoperiod and long photoperiod with cool thermoperiod hastened onset of dormancy in a later stage. Short photoperiod and cool thermoperiod, which acted independently, could also induce dormancy. Both Shasta red fir and noble fir seedlings showed a typical terminal bud dormancy. Six to eight weeks of chilling were required to overcome the dormancy. Dormancy induction method influenced chilling requirements. Seedlings induced into dormancy by long cool days required less chilling than did the seedlings induced into dormancy by short warm days. Long photoperiod during chilling could conpensate for inadequate chilling. The survival, phenology and growth of non-chilled true fir seedlings were determined for two seasons in two irrigation regimes. Regardless of species, survival was not different between any treatments. Unchilled terminal buds stayed inactive during the first season after outplanting. These terminal buds resumed growth after being chilled naturally during the winter. Lateral branch development was observed for both growing seasons. Growth was greater in the moist irrigation regime than the dry irrigation regime. Dormancy induction in natural low- and high-elevation environments was investigated by using a switch-back experimental design. It was determined that lower night temperature in the high-elevation areas triggered growth cessation in the seedlings and thus earlier dormancy. High moisture stress early in the season could also prematurely cease seedling growth and impose stress-induced dormancy.
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