Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Management of chromium wastes in industry

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/79408048t

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  • Chromium hydroxide sludge is the end product of the aluminum phosphate coating process used by a truck manufacturer in the Pacific Northwest. This sludge is listed as an (F019) hazardous waste by the Environmental Protection Agency, and must be landfilled in a hazardous waste landfill site. The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the characteristics of this sludge, and to then recommend suitable methods for handling and disposal. The chemical analysis of the sludge found total chromium to be 5.4% by weight. Industrial hygiene monitoring found the highest concentrations of 0.002 mg/m3 total chromium and 0.00006 mg/m3 hexavalent chromium at the waste treatment plant. The eight hour permissible exposure limit for total chromium is 0.5 mg/m3 and 0.05 mg/m3 for hexavalent chromium. Given the chemical analysis and industrial hygiene monitoring, a management plan is proposed for this truck manufacturer that discusses possible options for handling the (F019) waste, and provides a cost analysis for each of the options. The options that were investigated were onsite treatment, recycling, no change, and delisting. Onsite treatment was not required since the sludge passed the TCLP extraction test. Recycling costs were determined by contacting four recycling firms. Costs were found to be $600/ton and above, which exceeded the current disposal costs of $466/ton. Delisting the sludge from the hazardous waste listing was determined to be the most feasible from a management, cost, and environmental standpoint. Delisting would reduce the costs of handling the waste, would allow a reduction in landfilling costs, and reduce recycling costs. A literature survey provides background information on industrial uses of chromium, health problems associated with chromium, and discusses the regulations that govern disposal of these chromium sludges.
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  • File scanned at 300 ppi (Monochrome, 256 Grayscale) using Capture Perfect 3.0 on a Canon DR-9050C in PDF format. CVista PdfCompressor 4.0 was used for pdf compression and textual OCR.
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