Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Quantifying the Safety and Mobility Benefits of Connected Vehicle Technologies under Varying Levels of Market Penetration and Traffic Volume : An Agent-Based Modeling Framework

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  • The advancement of the cutting-edge technologies of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) hold promises to reshape the future of the transportation system. The concept of connected (CV) and connected automated vehicles (CAV) technologies are live examples of the future transportation. Vehicle communication technology is expected to impact conventional traffic conditions. While vehicle communication technology has the potential to improve the traffic safety, mobility, and reduce greenhouse emissions through mitigating human interaction, yet there are no tools developed to estimate the advantages associated with the deployment of these technologies especially in the transition period where human driven, and CV interact with each other in the traffic stream. On the other hand, how and when the benefits associated with the vehicle communication technology will start to impact the performance of the traffic network is a question of interest for state DOTs and federal agencies. This dissertation presents an agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) framework that is capable of simulating and evaluating the anticipated advantages of the deployment of CV technology under varying market penetration (MP) levels. The research encompasses three manuscripts that focus on the analyses, and quantification of the potential benefits that accompanغ the utilization of vehicle communication technology on safety and mobility performance, in non-recurring and recurrent traffic congestion scenarios. The first two manuscripts focused on the evaluation of the potential safety and mobility benefits of vehicle to vehicle (V2V) and vehicle to infrastructure (V2I) communication technology in a non-recurring highway congestion setting in a connected environment. The manuscripts considered a four-lane divided highway with a work zone setting represented in one lane drop for the non-recurring congestion scenario. The acquired results showed that safety improvement is directly proportioned with MP level. However, the amount of improvement is highly dependent on the traffic flow rate. Moreover, a potential path of "Vision Zero" could be achieved at 100% MP level. Further, the second manuscript extended the analysis of the first manuscript to focus on the mobility benefits in terms of mean travel time (MTT) and travel time reliability in addition to capacity enhancement of the highway work zone. It was found that the higher the traffic flow rate is, the higher MP level is required for the mobility benefits to surface. In addition, the study found that, CV technology has the potential to improve the capacity of the work zone scenario by 65% at 75% MP under the model assumptions. Finally, the last manuscript focused on the evaluation of CAV impact on the traffic fundamental relationship under varying MP levels in a recurrent traffic congestion scenarios. The research quantified the enhancement associated with the deployment of CAV on the maximum capacity, Qmax, and critical density, kc, of two different highway settings. Results found that, CAV have the potential to upend the traffic fundamental relationship and increase the capacity of highways up to 250%. A general trend was noticed in the results that, in all the explored scenarios, the relation between the MP level and enhancement in the traffic performance is a non-linear relationship. The developed frameworks were validated to verify the efficacy of the developed models. In conclusion, the quantification of the vehicle communication technology potential advantages through micro-simulation frameworks provide insights on the future of transportation system. Further, the developed ABMS framework provided a foundation that can be used to simulate and analyze future intelligent transportation systems (ITS) applications for different scenario. Ultimately, the research findings paves the way and express the readiness of vehicle communication technology to enhance the operational performance of future highway systems.
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  • Ongoing Research
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  • 2018-05-17 to 2019-06-18

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file details HarithAbdulsattarM2018.pdf 2018-05-17 Public Télécharger