Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Alteration of certain physiological and biochemical parameters in livers of rainbow trout fed methyl sterculate

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  • The cyclopropene fatty acids, sterculic and malvalic, occur naturally in a major food lipid, cottonseed oil, and have been implicated in several physiological disorders. Rainbow trout in this study were fed semipurified diets containing 200 or 300 ppm methyl sterculate, and the effects on hepatic lipid and glycogen levels, lipid incorporation of radioactive phosphate and fatty acids, and mitochondrial energy production were investigated. Chronic ingestion of methyl sterculate caused numerous histological changes and some necrosis in the liver. Glycogen accumulated in irregular pockets, but the level in whole liver was not increased over controls. Hepatic lipid accumulation was noted after several weeks, reaching a level six times that of controls after six months. Liver weight of the sterculate-fed fish decreased in proportion to body weight during the first three weeks on the sterculate diet, but after three months became significantly greater than controls. Ingestion of 200 ppm methyl sterculate for two weeks by trout caused reduced incorporation of both phosphate and fatty acids into phospholipids. The major reductions were found in minor fractions. Label incorporation into cardiolipin, important for mitochondrial function, was reduced ten-fold by the dietary sterculate. Incorporation into a minor unknown phospholipid which constituted less than 1% of total phospholipids was reduced as much as 135-fold in the mitochondrial fraction. Incorporation of 1-¹⁴C-oleate into diglycerides was also inhibited. The major changes caused by methyl sterculate appear to occur in mitochondria. Neither the level of cytochrome P⁴⁵⁰ nor the activity of NADPH neotetrazolium reductase, both of which occur in the endoplasmic reticulum, was altered. P/0 ratios and the ability to oxidize oleic acid to CO₂ were curtailed after only two weeks on a diet containing methyl sterculate.
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