Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Model assessment of the effects of land use change on hydrologic response

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  • The effect of landuse change on the hydrologic, biogeochemical and ecological response of watersheds is a concern throughout the world. To help characterize the potential magnitude of such changes, and of the potential to remediate or avoid undesirable features, studies focused on the cumulative watershed effects of site level change are necessary. The current state of the art model for water quality in agricultural lands, Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), was used to estimate the effects of a set of future landscape scenarios on water quality in the Corn Belt region of the United States. These results indicated that changes to the current water quality management strategies will be necessary to significantly improve water quality in the Corn Belt region. In addition, the experience of implementing SWAT suggested a variety of changes to the model structure and study design with potential to improve the quality of the results. These changes include improved treatment of hydrologic process, full integration of input data and model code, different methods of distributing data across space, the use of fewer parameters, more sophisticated numerical techniques, and improved methods for generating potential landscape scenarios. A new model structure (WET_Hydro) was developed to address these issues. The hydrologic components of the model focus on a conceptual physically based characterization of the movement of water in soils, as overland flow, and in channels. Tests using a variety of input data sets, including both synthetic inflows and real watershed data were developed to verify the hydrologic components of the model. Additional model analyses evaluate how model scale interacts with parameters and with measurements. These analyses point toward additional criteria that may prove useful to the determination of correct model scales and to the utility of the flexible model structure which provides automatic changes to model scale. In addition to the scale analysis, a method of estimating the average new water contribution to storm discharge was developed.. This additional model criterion was shown to provide further understanding of model utility under different hydrologic regimes. The hydrologic model was extended to produce estimates of erosion and sediment export. Sensitivity to various restoration options were developed focusing on simple descriptions of remediation potential, and a minimum of parameters. In addition, the water quality model was coupled with a Decision Support System (DSS). Example applications demonstrate the potential of the combination to improve the process of restoration planning at the watershed scale.
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file details VacheKellieB2003.pdf 2017-08-08 Pubblico Scaricare