Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Chemical composition studies of Oregon and Washington coastal basalts

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  • Basalts of both Eocene and Miocene age from several groups along the Oregon and Washington coasts have been analyzed for some major, minor, and trace elements using instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). The rare earth element (REE) patterns observed in these samples are used for comparisons within the groups studied and for comparisons with other types of basalts. The three groups of Miocene basalts from the coast have been shown to be nearly identical chemically to three chemical types defined in the Columbia River Plateau basalts as follows: Depoe Bay Basalt ≡ Lower Yakima Basalt (high and low Mg types), Cape Foulweather Basalt ≡ Frenchman Springs Basalt, and the Basalt of Pack Sack Lookout ≡ Pomona Basalt. Possible models for the origin of these basalts erupted from vents over 500 km apart are also discussed. The Eocene basalts from the Oregon coast are found to be most similar to the basalts from the Hawaiian Islands, whereas the Metchosin Formation basalts on southern Vancouver Island are found to be more similar to ocean ridge tholeiites. The basalts from the Crescent Formation on the Olympic Peninsula show a variety of chemical compositions and REE patterns which do not allow for simple classification of this formation.
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file details HillDaleW1975.pdf 2017-08-16 公开 下载