Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Oxygen consumption of three species of sea urchins at different temperatures

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  • Metabolic rate-temperature responses of three related species of sea urchins were determined using oxygen consumption rate measurements. The three species used were Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, Strongylocentrotus franciscanus, and Allocentrotus fragilis. All measurements were made using an oxygen macro-electrode, physiological gas analyzer, and sealed respiratory container. Two series of experiments--field-acclimatized and temperature-acclimated--were conducted. In each case, oxygen consumption was determined at 3° intervals over a temperature range extending from 6° to 24°. The results of the field-acclimatized animals, maintained in the laboratory for only short periods after collection, are consistent with the temperature fluctuations of the respective habitats. The benthic A. fragilis did not possess any rate-temperature independence. The partly intertidal S. franciscanus possessed little independence. The largely intertidal S. purpuratus possessed a great deal of rate-temperature independence, especially from 12° to 21°. S. purpuratus and S. franciscanus were used in the temperature acclimation study. Both species were maintained at 9° and 18° for a month. The results of both species clearly show "reverse" compensation--i.e. the rate mean of the warm-acclimated animals exceeds that of the cold-acclimated animals at the same test temperature. Temperature-acclimated S. purpuratus possessed considerable temperature compensation. Cold-acclimated animals had greater rate-temperature independence between 9° and 15°, whereas warm-acclimated animals had greater independence between 15° and 24°. Temperature-acclimated S. franciscanus possessed little temperature compensation. Cold-acclimated animals had no rate-temperature independence. Warm-acclimated animals had some independence over the upper end of the temperature range tested. Comparison of the "field-acclimatized" metabolic rate-temperature curve with the appropriate "temperature-acclimated" curves suggests that summer-acclimatized S. purpuratus is more warm-acclimated and summer-acclimatized S. franciscanus is more cold-acclimated.
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