Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Spalting Fungi : Genetic Identification, Material Interactions and Microscopical Characteristics of Extracted Pigments

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/fj236557c

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  • Spalting fungi show strong potential as natural colorants on a variety of materials, specifically textiles and wood. Four species of spalting fungi are currently utilized in this manner: Scytalidium cuboideum, which produces a red pigment called draconin red, Scytalidium ganodermophthorum, that produces an unknown yellow pigment, and Chlorociboria aeruginosa and Chlorociboria aeruginascens, that both produce a blue-green pigment known as xylindein. This research expanded the known spalting fungi through surveys in the Peruvian Amazon rainforest, and found similarities with temperate fungi in terms of classification (orders such as the Helotiales and Xylariales and genera, such as Scytalidium and Xylaria). Extracts from known spalting fungi were also tested on a new substrate, bamboo, and performed well as a top coating finish. Finally, microscopic analysis of the known spalting fungal pigments with light microscopy (LM), confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and focused ion beam (FIB) showed evidence that the extracted pigments bind to the materials where they are applied, although the type of structures formed when adhering to the substrate surface varies by species. Interestingly, the S. cuboideum pigment showed crystal-like structures. These were confirmed with a Kikuchi diffraction test and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to be an organic crystal. An X-ray diffraction test is required to obtain detailed information about this crystal, but this crystal is likely novel to science, and one of the few naphthoquinone organic crystals produced by a microorganism. The work herein represents a detailed analysis of the physical structure and binding ability of pigments extracted from spalting fungi—information which may be of use to manufacturers interested in replacing synthetic colorants with natural ones. The research also increases the number of known spalting fungi, and continued research in this field should lead to additional colors being available for extraction and study in the future.
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  • 2017-08-16 to 2018-02-27

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file details Dissertation_SMVG.pdf 2017-08-16 Pubblico Scaricare