Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Nutrient Addition Strategies for the Marine Diatom Cyclotella sp to Control Cell, Lipid, and Chitin Formation.

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/fj236759b

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  • Marine diatoms are unicellular photosynthetic organisms that produce unique nanomaterials, energy dense lipid-molecules, and specialty carbohydrate molecules that can be all extracted from a single microorganism. The centric marine diatom Cyclotella sp. was used as a model organism for cultivation in a biorefinery system, where multiple co-products can be harvested simultaneously. Cyclotella was phototrophically cultivated in an engineered 5-liter bubble column photobioreactor system. The effects of silicon, nitrogen, and phosphorus macro-nutrient delivery was evaluated under different nutrient addition strategies. The nutrient addition strategies were used to control cell, lipid, and N-Acetyl glucosamine (chitin) production under nutrient starvation conditions. Cell division of Cyclotella can be controlled through the rate of silicon addition. Cyclotella extrudes extracellular chitin nanofibers through its specialized ports that are located in the rims of the valves. Chitin production can be controlled by cell division. Lipid production is photosynthetically driven, and the phosphorus available per cell determines the lipid class production. In a phosphorus-starved cell, neutral lipid production is favored, whereas in a phosphorus replete cell, phospholipid production is favored. Maximum volumetric productivities were determined to be 5.23 × 10-2 ± 1.67 × 10-3 cells×109/L-hr, 1.64 ± 0.07 mg lipid/L-hr, and 0.82 ± 0.10 mg chitin/L-hr for cells, lipid, and chitin respectively. With this nutrient addition strategies, we have come to a fundamental understanding of the nutrient needs of the model diatom Cyclotella, and have established nutrient bioprocess parameters that can be used in scalable cultivation systems.
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  • This work was supported by the US National Science Foundation (NSF), Emerging Frontiers for Research and Innovation program (EFRI), under award number 1240488.
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  • 2018-06-05 to 2019-01-05

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