Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Production of biodiesel from soybean oil in a micro scale reactor

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/g445cg80k

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  • Biodiesel has become a more attractive fuel in recent years because of its environmental benefits and the fact that it is made from renewable resources. More importantly, biodiesel is becoming economically attractive with the current oil prices which are expected to stay high in the future. Currently, biodiesel is produced in a batch process. This study considers using a new microreactor based reaction process for transesterification of soybean oil to biodiesel (methyl esters). Transesterification of soybean oil was performed in a microreactor and the obtained experimental data were analyzed with the mathematical model developed specifically for this study. A microreactor made of two parallel plates forming a reaction microchannel 2.33 cm long, 1.05 cm wide, and 100 or 200 pm high was built for experimental investigation. Two sets of soybean oil transesterification experiments were performed in the microreactor. In the first set of experiments, 100 pm spacers were used to form the height of the microchannel. To asses the influence of the microchannel height on the rate of the reaction process, the second series of experiments was performed with 200 μm spacers. Both set of experiments were conducted at a steady state and under the same operating conditions: 7.2:1 methanol/soybean molar ratio, 1 wt % (with respect to oil) NaOH catalyst, room temperature (25 ⁰C), atmospheric pressure, and within the range of residence time, 0.41 to 10.36 (mm.). Six experiments were conducted at each microchannel height. Each experiment was conducted at a predetermined residence time. The two reactant streams formed two thin layers inside the microreactor in which the diffusion path for the reactants between the interface film to the reaction bulk was reduced to a very short distance. In the microreactor with 100 pm thickness (spacers), 91% soybean oil conversion (2.59 moth biodiesel concentration) was achieved; while in the microreactor with a 200 μm thickness, 86% conversion ( 2.45 mol/l biodiesel concentration) was achieved.
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