Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Exogenous and endogenous factors related to seed germination and vigor in certain varieties of sugarbeet Beta vulgaris L.

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  • Studies were conducted on the causes of low germination of monogerm sugarbeet seed grown in western Oregon. Emphasis was placed on the identification and measurement of endogenous inhibitors as related to the germination and vigor. Both qualitative and quantitative analytical methods were applied to examine the organic substances in the aqueous seedball extracts as influenced by environmental factors during maturation. Effects of exogenous factors such as harvest time after anthesis, liming of the soil and post harvest drying temperature on the subsequent germination were examined. Attempts were made to improve germination potential of a given seed lot by pre-germination treatments. Effects of soaking, leaching and drying upon germination were compared and examined. Leaching studies were further expanded to measure the change of inhibitor content at various leaching intervals and to relate concentrations to germination and vigor. Varying concentrations of gibberellic acid (potassium salt) were applied to germinating seed to examine effects on seed dormancy. Five phenolic compounds and oxalic acid as the soluble and insoluble salt were shown to be present in the sugarbeet fruit. Among the five known phenolic substances, ferulic acid was most inhibitory to germination. Oxalic acid at various levels of concentration did not influence germination although oxalic acid did inhibit the seedling growth at relatively low concentrations. Among four sugarbeet seed samples tested, a low germinating lot (variety 4426) was shown to contain the least amount of oxalic acid, however, ferulic acid content of this lot was considerably higher than the others. It was concluded that oxalic acid was not involved in dormancy of the seed samples tested. Among the several pre-germination treatments tested to improve germination potential of the given varieties, complete drying after leaching of seed samples showed the best response. Germination potential of the monogerm varieties used in these studies greatly increased by drying them completely after leaching. Vigor as measured by length of seedlings was markedly improved. Simple leaching did not improve germination. Optimum leaching time for best germination of the varieties tested was from 12 to 20 hours.
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file details KimSyngC1970.pdf 2017-08-17 Pubblico Scaricare