Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Assimilate production and partitioning in wheat

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  • Studies on net carbon exchange, ¹⁴ C assimilation, and growth analysis were done on four cultivars of high yielding soft white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em Thell), Anza/Sturdy, Hill- 81, Stephens, and Yamhill, which differ in morphology, maturity, and yield, to see if differences in production and distribution of assimilates could explain differences in yield. The experiments were conducted in 1981/82 and 1982/83 at Corvallis, OR. All cultivars had high capacity for net carbon exchange (70- 90 mg CO₂ dm⁻² h⁻¹). Anza/Sturdy matured early and its leaf area duration was smaller than the other cultivars. Yamhill had a large leaf area duration , but had a low grain leaf ratio. Stephens and Hill-81 had a large photosynthetic surface in their stems and awned ears, which caused a high grain leaf ratio. At anthesis, all cultivars formed assimilates primarily in the leaves and transported them to the stem, where they were built into structural components. In Anza/Sturdy, only 15% of that assimilate was later remobilized and used to make grain, compared to 47 and 36% in Stephens and Hill-81. Two weeks after anthesis, the ears, stems, and top two leaves were the major photosynthetic organs, in all cultivars, and 75% of the assimilates formed then were later remobilized, transported to the ears, and used to make grain. Still later, the leaves had all senesced, but the ears and stems had appreciable photosynthesis. In Stephens and Hill-81, 91 and 89% of these late-formed assimilates were used to make grain while only 79% was so used in Anza/Sturdy and Yamhill. Thus, the greater yield of Stephens and Hill-81 came, in part, from their greater ability to remobilize assimilates from leaves as they senesced and from the stems as the plants matured, transport it to the ears and use it to make grain. These studies suggest that an efficient capacity to remobilize early-formed assimilates and a strong polar transport of late-formed assimilates may be important criteria for selecting high yielding plants from genetically diverse wheat populations.
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Déclaration de droits
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  • File scanned at 300 ppi (Monochrome) using Capture Perfect 3.0 on a Canon DR-9050C in PDF format. CVista PdfCompressor 4.0 was used for pdf compression and textual OCR.
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