Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Experimental studies on species relationships in T. turgidum ssp. carthlicum and T. aestivum ssp. carthlicoides

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/hh63sz26g

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  • A study of populations characteristics of T. turgidum ssp. carthlicum and T. aestivum ssp. carthlicoides was completed using numerical analysis. A sample of 74 accessions of ssp. carthlicum and 20 of ssp. carthlicoides were scored for 46 characters. It was established that three morphological distinguishable groups of ssp. carthlicum can be recognized. These data provide supportive evidence for the recognition of var. rubiginosum Zhuk. and var. fuliginosum Zhuk. as distinct taxa. However, recognition of var. stramineum Zhuk. based on spike color could not be achieved. Variation patterns in ssp. carthlicum suggests that geographical distance and taxonomic distance between populations are associated. Also, the numerical analysis showed that a combination of characters could be used to separate T. aestivum ssp. vulgare from ssp. carthlicoides. These results provided justification to regard the latter as a separate taxa at the level of subspecies, namely T. aestivum ssp. carthlicoides. The phylogenetic relationship between T. turgidum ssp. carthlicum and other T. aestivum subspecies was examined based on SDSPAGE analysis of the HMW glutenin subunits. The 74 carthlicum accessions gave identical HMW glutenin subunits profile, indicating a monophyletic origin of this subspecies. The lack of variability also suggests its recent origin. This interpretation seems to favor the hypothesis that ssp. carthlicum is a young form derived from a cross between a Q-bearing hexaploid and a tetraploid wheat. The similarity in the profile presented by ssp. carthlicoides and ssp. vulgare indicated that either form could be the hexaploid parent in the cross that led to the formation of carthlicum. The removal of the D genome from vulore cultivars, however, resulted in an HMW glutenin profile which closely resembles that of ssp. carthlicum, but is substantially different from that of the original hexaploid cultivars. These results confirm the close relationship which appears to exist between aestivum and carthlicum. Also, the influence of the D genome on the differential expression of HMW glutenin subunits demonstrates the limitations of interpreting evolutionary events based on the concept of simple additive relationship between genomes and protein subunits.
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