Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Elemental distributions in the components of metalliferous sediments from the Bauer and Roggeveen Basins - Nazca Plate

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  • Major and trace element analyses were made on biogenic carbonate, silica, and fish debris and on authigenic philhipsite, micronodules, and yellow and brown aggregates recovered from Bauer and Roggeveen Basin metalliferous sediments. Phase components and the bulk samples were analyzed by INAA and MS methods. Leachates and residues from ammonium oxalate and mild HC1 leaches of bulk and fine sediment fractions were also analyzed. The mild acid leach removed fish debris and carbonate, and the oxalate leach dissolved the micronodule phase. Sediments of the Bauer and Roggeveen Basins differ in bulk composition, yet respond to various chemical treatments in similar manner. I interpret this as indicative of a close similarity in the mineralogy of these two areas. An iron-rich smectite, manganese micronodules, and fish debris dominate the sediment compositions of both basins. The smectite phase concentrates Fe, Si, and Al. Manganese, Co, Ni, Ce, and W are concentrated in the micronodule phase and Ca, Sc, and the lanthanides predominantly in the fish debris component. The trace elements Cu, Zn, As, and Sb are distributed in a complex manner among the three principal phases. Barium, and some Al and Fe, may be present in small quantities of barite, feldspars, and goethite, respectively. Silica, carbonate, and phillipsite phases exist in. such low concentrations that they do not contribute significantly to the bulk composition of the sediments. The response of the various size fractions leached indicates a uniformity of distribution of sediment components from the coarse to the fine fractions.
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