Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Yield, quality characteristics, and composition of Limnanthes alba seed as affected by rate, source, and date of nitrogen application

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  • The effect of nitrogen (N) application on seed yield of Limnanthes alba was studied for two years at two locations. Seeding following alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) was compared to establishment after wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Treatments used were a control (no N applied), and two rates of N (50 and 100 kg/ha) applied at two dates (March and May). Comparisons were also made of ammonium sulfate (AS) and ammonium nitrate (AN) forms of N applied in March the second year. Seed samples were taken for analysis of protein, oil content, and fatty acid composition of oil. From the second year studies, seed weight, germination, and seedling growth determinations were made. Relationships of relevant parameters were also studied. Most all applications of N resulted in greater protein content, with 100 kg N as AS applied in March producing the greatest increase. Oil content was reduced by almost every rate of N at either date and in either form. Seed yields were affected by N application in the first year of study, but not in the second. March application of N increased seed yields whereas the May application decreased yields when L. alba followed wheat. When following alfalfa, seed yields were decreased with the high rates of N at both dates of application. Protein yield was increased by 100 kg N in March when L. alba followed wheat. After alfalfa, protein yields were decreased when high rates of N were applied. Oil yields were reduced in all three studies from N application. The fatty acid composition of seed oil was influenced by N application. C20 monoene content was reduced from N treatments, while C22 monoene content increased the first year but not in the second. The C22 diene content was decreased by N application in the first year, but increased in the second. Percent of oil other than C20 and C22 fatty acids was affected by N application, but no obvious trends were observed in these results. Seed weight was not influenced by either N form or rate of application, but a trend towards a reduction was recorded. Seed weight was positively correlated to oil content and negatively correlated to protein content. Germination percent was increased from plots receiving the 100 kg N as AS treatment. Protein was positively and oil negatively correlated to germination percent. Seedling root and shoot growth from the seed from treated plots was increased by both rates of AN. Applications of AS either had no effect, or a negative effect (100 kg N as AS) on seedling growth. No relationships of seedling growth to oil or protein content were recorded.
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