Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

An electromyographic comparison of eight sit-up variations

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/k930c0924

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  • The purpose of this study was to assess the relative involvement of four muscles - rectus abdominis, external obliques, rectus femoris, and the lumbar region of sacrospinalis - during performances of eight different variations of the sit-up exercise. The sit-up variations investigated were long-lying sit-ups with/without feet support and hook-lying sit-ups with knee angles of 65, 90, and 105 degrees with/without feet support. Twenty-seven male volunteers between the ages of 20 and 36 years participated as subjects in the investigation. Myoelectric activity was monitored using an Orion Computerized System with a pair of surface electrodes positioned over each of the four muscles on the right side of the body. A clear plastic goniometer was aligned over the hip, knee, and ankle joints to measure knee angle. Three repetitions of each sit-up variation were performed, with sit-up variations administered to each subject in random order. One minute of rest was given between sit-up variations to minimize the influence of fatigue. A two-way ANOVA with repeated measures on both factors was used to evaluate differences in myoelectric activity levels. The main factors were feet support (supported/unsupported) and knee angle (long-lying or hooklying with 65, 90, and 105 degree knee angle). Statistical significance (p < .05) of mean differences were tested using the statistical software BMDP2V on the CYBER mainframe computer. Tukey's HSD or Bonferroni pairwise comparisons were used for evaluation of significant F values for knee ankle, while the Scheffe procedure was used to evaluate significant interaction effects. Sit-ups with feet unsupported produced significantly greater myoelectric activity than with feet supported in all selected muscle groups except the rectus femoris, where the reverse was true. The hook-lying sit-up with larger knee angle produced significantly greater myoelectric activity in the external obliques and the sacrospinalis. In the external oblique, only the mean comparison of long-lying vs. hooklying sit-up with 105 degree knee angle showed a significant interaction difference. Increased knee angle in hook-lying sit-ups resulted in increased involvement of the abdominal muscles. Myoelectric activity at the sacrospinalis site was greater with increasing knee angle and with the feet unsupported. These findings can be utilized by physical education instructors and by physicians in educating their students and patients as to the relative efficacy of the situp variations investigated.
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