Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The use of tape-recordings to train counselors in the use of specific verbal communiation skills

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  • Purpose The study was designed to test the effectiveness of a counselor training experience which used pre-recorded client statements as the instructional medium. The principal objective of instruction was to teach counselor trainees to differentiate between the affective and cognitive content of client statements and to respond in ways which would continue to ellicit affective responses by the client. Procedure Twenty-eight graduate students enrolled in a counseling practicum at Oregon State University were selected for the study. Subjects were randomly assigned to an experimental and control group of equal size. The experimental group received two hours of individual instruction interacting with the tape-recorded client statements and the control group engaged in two hours of role-playing counseling interviews, alternating between client and counselor roles. The training tape-recordings were developed specifically for the project. Subjects of both groups participated in a test prior to and following the training sequence. The test consisted of a live structured interview with a role-playing client. All test interviews were recorded and transposed into typescripts. An analysis of each typescript was carried out using a matrix format developed for the study. Counselor-client interactions were classified with respect to degree of lead and their affective-cognitive content. A ratio of acceptable responses made by the subject to all responses made by him was used as a basis for evaluation of performance. Results Several statistical techniques were employed in treatment of the data. Statistical analysis revealed that (1) the experimental subjects gained significantly in the performance criterion from pre- to post-training, (2) the control subjects showed no significant gain, (3) the experimental subjects demonstrated a significant gain in the performance criterion over the control subjects, and (4) controlling for pre-training performance, the experimental and control subjects differed significantly in post-training performance. These results suggested that the experimental subjects enhanced their use of specific verbal communication skills as a result of training in the simulated interview setting.
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