Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Polymorphic, sympatric flavonoid variants of Claytonia perfoliata Donn from the Columbia River Gorge

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  • Claytonia perfoliata is a west-American polyploid complex of common annuals (x=6). The species is polymorphic; exomorphic characters are often variable within local populations. In a transect of the Columbia River Gorge diploids, tetraploids, hexaploids, octoploids, and decaploids were collected, which varied in shape of basal and cauline leaves, degree of cauline leaf fusion, color of corolla and calyx, robustness of growth, size of flower parts and seeds, and foliage coloration. Progeny from field collections were grown in uniform regimes of light, temperature, and moisture. Each family of progeny was morphologically indistinguishable from its individual parent implying a high degree of self-fertilization in nature. The form and sequence of maturation of basal leaves was found to be an important character differentiating the families of progeny. Phenolic compounds from whole plants cultured under uniform greenhouse conditions were extracted (from fresh plant material) in stages using acetone and methanol, and were separated using two-dimensional paper chromatography. The flavonoids of petal, sepal, leaf, stem, and whole plant methanolic extracts (from dried plant material) of wild populations were separated and isolated. Striking chromatographic differences between morphological forms, both within and between chromosome levels were found. Chromatographic spots were identified on the basis of a set of six spectra, color reactions, and Rf values. Though preliminary in scope, this study demonstrates the value and reliability of certain chemical, morphological, and cytological characters as valuable taxonomic criteria applicable to further study of C. perfoliata.
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