Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Evaluation of botanical diversity in Oregon vineyards

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/kk91fp10f

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  • Three different ground cover management strategies were compared at the OSU research vineyard near Alpine, Oregon. Botanical diversity was actively increased in two diverse treatments. Another treatment was botanically uniform and contained creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera). The composition of the vineyard floor vegetation and grapevine performance as affected by the treatments was evaluated. Shoot length and average leaf size of the grapevines were increased (> 30%) in treatments with more diverse ground covers, the main-shoot leaf area per vine was larger but the lateral-shoot leaf area was not affected. Photosynthesis and transpiration rates were not different among the treatments except for two measurements, which showed lower photosynthesis rates in the bentgrass treatment. The water use efficiency of photosynthesis tended to be higher for grapevine leaves in more diverse treatments except at veraison 1997. The leaf chlorophyll content was higher in the more diverse treatments at bloom, but was similar in all treatments later in the season. The juice soluble solids (Brix) at harvest were higher (4 %) in the diverse treatments, and in one of the two investigated years, fruit yield was also higher. Percent fruit set, titratable acidity, and pH were not affected by the treatments. The experiment showed that the grapevines in botanically uniform ('grass') plots produced less vegetative growth and delayed fruit maturity, even with a lower crop load. In addition to the experiment, four commercial vineyards in the Willamette Valley in Oregon were surveyed to establish a list and number of resident (weedy) plant species. At the scale of the whole vineyards, 9, 10, 11, and 13 plant species were observed. All four sites were grass dominated and five broadleaf plant species occurred in all four sites. The data sets indicated that the number of plant species was not in all cases randomly distributed over the vineyard. The data showed a continuous trend to higher numbers of plant species from east to west in one vineyard. In another vineyard, the data showed a patch of lower numbers of plant species in a small part of the field. The data in the other two vineyards did not indicate patterns or trends.
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