Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Simulation model of a total recycle urea process

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/kw52jb638

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  • A steady-state computer simulation was developed for the Chemico Urea Process which is owned and operated by Reichhold Chemicals, Inc., St. Helens, Oregon. The DISCOSSA executive system was used to process information input and output and to automatically converge the complex recycle calculations in this process. The models developed in this study principally consider material balances. Energy balances were performed only for the flash separators to determine operating temperatures. The formation of undesirable byproducts and the effect of air introduced to reduce corrosion were not considered. The mathematical model and computer program developed by Dr. Eugene Elzy for an industrial urea reactor was used in this system simulation. The system NH₃- CO₂ -H₂O -urea was considered in the vaporliquid equilibrium model for the flash and decomposer separators. The non-ideal behavior in the vapor phase was calculated using available published data, while the activity coefficients in the liquid phase were back calculated from plant data and kept constant for later simulation runs. Ternary solution data for the system NH₃-NH₂CO₂NH₄- H₂0 and an empirical correlation developed in this study to predict the effect of urea on solution composition provided a method of computing NH₃ composition in the liquid stream leaving the First Absorber. The simulation results were compared with the plant data and it was observed that: (1) the reactor model closely predicts the performance of Reichhold's Urea Reactor; (2) the use of constant activity coefficients allows an approximate computation of the flow rates and composition of the streams leaving the flash and decomposer separators; and (3) the procedure employed in the calculation of the quantity of NH₃ in the liquid stream leaving the First Absorber is quite reliable.
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