Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Certain aspects of the immunology and chemotherapy of bacterial kidney disease in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

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  • The detection and antigenic nature of the causative Corynebacterium of bacterial kidney disease and chemotherapy of this disease in juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) were examined. Each of 207 yearling coho salmon collected from a population undergoing a severe epizootic of bacterial kidney disease were examined for the presence of anti-Corynebacterium precipitin or agglutinin antibodies, corynebacteria in Gram-stained kidney smears, and cultivable kidney disease Corynebacterium in kidney material inoculated onto cysteine serum agar. The presence of anti-Corynebacterium precipitin or agglutinin antibodies in the salmon does not serve as a suitable indicator of current infection by the kidney disease bacterium. Coho salmon anti-Corynebacteriurn antibodies appeared to have either cleared the bacteria from the fish or at least reduced the number of kidney disease bacteria to a level not detectable by cultivation of or microscopic examination of kidney tissue. By immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis, two distinct antigens were detected in ammonium sulfate-precipitated material from phosphate-buffered saline extracts of whole Corynebacterium cells. On the basis of chemical analyses, Pronase and heat treatments, both antigens appeared to contain protein and carbohydrate. Three different isolates of the kidney disease Corynebacterium were antigenically similar, Previous work indicating erythromycin as the drug of choice for treating this disease was confirmed, Erythromycin stearate fed at 100 mg per kg of fish per day far two 14-day treatment periods controlled the disease in experimentally infected juvenile coho salmon while Ampicillin and Pen V-K, fed either at 75 or 100 mg per kg of fish per day for two 14-day treatment periods, were ineffective.
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