Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Yield loss assessment in nonprotected winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum, L. em Thell)

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/n296x2492

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  • The effects of some soil- and foliar-borne biotic factors on grain yield and the components of yield were evaluated using five winter wheat varieties sown at two dates. Within each planting date, varieties were grown under four different combinations of two soil treatments (fumigation and nonfumigation) and two foliar treatments (fungicide protection and nonprotection). The conditions created by fumigation induced a luxuriant growth and subsequent lodging of all varieties especially in the first date of planting. This prevented an accurate assessment to be made on the influence of biotic soil factors on grain yield. Despite the larger number of fertile spikes observed for all varieties when sown in fumigated plots, grain yield, grain weight of ten spikes, harvest index, and weight of 300 kernels were reduced as a result of lodging. The comparison between protected and nonprotected plots revealed that foliar diseases were important in causing grain yield reductions. Development of foliar diseases was accelerated in nonprotected, fumigated plots due to the lodging. This was also accompanied by a greater reduction in grain yield and the components of yield. Date of planting did influence the time of expression of foliar diseases as a consequence of lodging and the more luxuriant growth which created a more favorable microclimate for the pathogen. Also, field proximity between dates of planting may have increased the inoculum pressure in the second planting date resulting in greater yield reduction.
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