Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Experiences and Correlates of Healthcare Discrimination Among Saudis in the United States

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  • Healthcare discrimination is associated with various health-related attitudes, behaviors, intentions, and outcomes including provider avoidance, underutilization or increased use of healthcare services, use of alternative means of healthcare, delays in medical care, less satisfaction with care, poor health behaviors, and poorer health outcomes. Since 2001, Muslims and Arabs in the United States have experienced increased discrimination. Despite this, little is known about the experiences of Arabs and Muslims in healthcare. Saudis, a sub-population of Arab Muslims, represent a particularly understudied group. The purpose of this dissertation was to understand experiences of healthcare discrimination and their association with a number of health-related outcomes among Saudis in the United States. Data were collected between May 30th and November 30th, 2016 from Saudis, 18 years of age and older, who had lived in the United States for at least 6 months (N=1,022). Findings indicate Saudis do experience healthcare discrimination, with 26% of respondents indicating having experienced religion-based discrimination and 17% experienced nationality-based discrimination when getting healthcare in the United States. Experiences of healthcare discrimination were positively associated with provider avoidance, delaying caring until returning to Saudi Arabia, and the number of emergency room and eye care visits. Although neither type of healthcare discrimination was associated with health status or psychological distress, under conditions of high social support, religion-based healthcare discrimination was negatively associated with health status. Future research is warranted to further understand healthcare discrimination among Arab Muslims in the United States and related health consequences.
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