Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The Phellinus pini complex : genetic and population studies within and between species

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  • Three species comprising the Phellinus pini complex have been documented in the USA, including P. pini, P. chrysoloma, and P. cancriformans. However, overlap in morphological features and ecological characteristics make species identification difficult. In addition, some researchers have questioned the existence of P. pini in the USA, suggesting instead that several closely related species or subspecies may occur. The current research was undertaken to investigate genetic and population relationships within species (intraspecies) and between species (interspecies) of the P. pini complex. Specifically, our aim was to compare the three species, as currently understood, with known European species, and to examine degree of genetic variability occurring in the USA. In addition, we investigated genetic control of somatic incompatibility (SI) in P. pini, and evaluated the use of allozymes as mating compatibility markers in P. pini and P. weirii. Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequencing and DNA fingerprinting were used to explore both intraspecies and interspecies variability. P. cancriformans was easily discernible from P. chrysoloma and P. pini, reflecting its status as a unique species. DNA sequencing was not sufficient to clearly resolve differences between P. chrysoloma and North American P. pini; however, fingerprinting data grouped P. chrysoloma with P. pini from Finland. Within the P. pini isolates tested from North America, a high degree of DNA fingerprinting variability as well as dissimilarity of rDNA sequences with type material from Portugal suggests it is a species or subspecies distinct from P. pini in Europe. Common nucleus experiments revealed that somatic incompatibility (SI) response in P. pini is governed by one genetic locus. Experiments with P. cancriformans were inconclusive. Population structure of P. pini was determined using the SI response as a marker to differentiate naturally-occurring individuals from mature to old-growth Douglas-fir trees. A small number of individuals (1-3) was detected in each trunk, with genets occupying up to 15 longitudinal feet in living trunks. Allozyme markers provided a method for detection of heterokaryon formation in P. pini as well as P. weirii. Both species showed bipolar (one locus) mating patterns.
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