Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Further Development of MPM and its Applications in Modeling Wood-Adhesive Bonds

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  • This work is a culmination of a series of published works related to the use of the Material Point Method (MPM) in modeling wood adhesive bonds. The use of wood as construction material has the potential to play a small role in the solution to the current CO2 and climate change crisis. Therefore, wood as an engineering and structural material appears to have increased popularity among green-minded architects and builders. Much of wood used as a structural or engineering material is in the form of a wood composite, common examples include plywood, oriented strand board (OSB), laminated veneer lumber (LVL), particle board, cross-laminated timber (CLT), and others. Clearly, a vital component of all these products is the adhesive bond between the pieces of wood. The motivation of this work is to thoroughly understand the mechanics and properties of a wood adhesive bond through the use of computational numerical modeling. A detailed and full-featured customized numerical modeling paradigm for wood adhesive bonds using MPM is introduced. The effective goal is to start with a specific wood structure and the liquid properties of an uncured adhesive, and to fully model and verify every aspect of the wood adhesive bond with MPM. This is a complex endeavor and has several intermediate steps, including modeling how adhesive flows into the wood structure and modeling the mechanical performance of the wood adhesive bonds.To improve the modeling of fluids and fluid-structure interaction in MPM, an advancement called XPIC (eXtended Particle In Cell) was invented and introduced to significantly reduce noise and high frequency oscillations in MPM simulations. XPIC was used to improve MPM simulations in all the chapters of this dissertation. MPM simulations were used to model the pressure-driven flow of uncured adhesive in a wood structure, created using XCT scans of actual wood adhesive bond segments. These simulations are verified against experimental x-ray data. To model the mechanical performance of a wood bond, mechanical properties are needed, ideally the properties of the particular piece of wood. This is partially achievable with nanoindentation. However, the standard methods for analyzing nanoindentation don't apply to the anisotropic wood cell walls and further numerical modeling is needed. The use of MPM for modeling nanoindentation is investigated and it is found that MPM is well suited to handle this modeling and that numerical modeling is indeed important for accurate and consistent material properties. Finally, modeling the mechanical performance of a wood adhesive bond with the geometry created from the adhesive squeezing simulations or from XCT data is investigated. MPM simulations investigating the mechanical behavior of wood-adhesive bonds are compared with experimental data obtained from DVC analysis of XCT scans of wood specimens under load. Not every step in the proposed overarching modeling paradigm has been fully completed but progress has been made toward each step. And the feasibility of each step is demonstrated. Once the modeling paradigm has been fully implemented with MPM and verified with experiments, the next phase is to use this modeling to further the understanding of wood adhesive bonds, to suggest and inform additional experiments, and to optimize adhesives and bonding procedures.
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file details HammerquistChadC2017.pdf 2017-11-08 Pubblico Scaricare