Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Insect pests of economic importance on cereal crops in the Senegal River Basin, West Africa

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  • Cereal crops cultivated in Mali, Mauritania and Senegal consist primarily of sorghum, millet, rice and maize. They form the gramineous crops that, are programmed for the agricultural improvement of the Senegal River Basin. Twelve economically important insect pests on these crops were selected for study and treated with regard to their potential hazard to crop production. The selection of these insect pests was based on entomological investigations carried out in Senegal, Mali and the Senegal River Valley. Information was gathered from similar ecological areas in the Paleotropic region. The following insect pests were selected: Diptera: Atherigona spp (Muscidae), Contarinia sorghicola (Coquillet) (Cecidomyiidae) and Orseolia oryzae (Wood-Mason) (Cecidomyiidae); Lepidoptera: Acigona ignefusalis (Hampson), Chilo zacconius Bleszynski, Maliarpha separatella Ragonot (Pyralidae), Heliothis armigera (Hubner), Sesamia calamistis Hampson, Spodoptera exempta (Walker) and Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Noctuidae); and Orthoptera: Locusta migratoria migratorioides (Reiche and Fairmaire) and Schistocerca americana gregaria (Forskal) (Acrididae). Information pertaining to the identification, distribution, host-plants, biology and control strategies, including agronomical and mechanical controls, varietal resistance, biological control and chemical control are presented for each pest. The physical environment in the Senegal River Basin and agricultural production of the Senegal River Valley are described. An overall assessment of the pest complex of cereal crops is given and the present status of insect pest control in the Senegal River Basin is discussed.
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