Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The impact dynamics of a tennis ball striking a hard surface

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  • The purpose of this research was to study the impact phenomena of a tennis ball striking a hard surface. Stroboscopic photography was used to collect the ball's impact images from seven angles of incidence, ranging from -23 degrees to -70 degrees with zero, top and back initial spin respectively. Through digitization, the image data were converted and calculated into the experimental parameters which were composed of the input/output of the translational and angular velocities, and into the system parameters which included the coefficient of restitution, coefficient of sliding friction, ball's dwell time, and ball's dwell distance. Mathematical models derived from both the differentiation and integration approach were developed to explore the impact phenomena. A -23 degree angle of incidence for the data sets (zero spin, topspin, backspin) was selected to carry out the mathematical analysis using both experimental and system parameters. The results were: 1. The successive differentiation approach did not lend itself well to the investigation of tennis ball impact phenomena. 2. The successive integration approach based on the Damped Sin Pulse Model, could be used successfully to describe both the horizontal and vertical forces, velocities and positions of ball impact on a surface. 3. In the case of -23 degree incident angle, the effect of top-spin will produce a high value for the coefficient of restitution, which provides the ball a chance to rebound higher. 4. The horizontal component velocity will influence a shallow angle impact with backspin ball on a surface to have a smaller sliding friction. 5. The findings of this study will provide the instructor of tennis skills with information to fully explain the effects of utilizing the racquet to impart spin to the tennis ball. 6. This study provides guidelines for future research that is likely to affect the methodology of teaching tennis skills.
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