Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Examination of Immobilized TiO₂ Nanoparticle Photocatalytic Treatment of Stormwater by LilyPads

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/rv042z30w

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  • Stormwater runoff is a significant cause for impairment of many water bodies, a problem that will inevitably escalate due to increasing land-cover change associated with urbanization. The effect of stormwater runoff has spurred legislation and the subsequent development and adoption of Best Management Practices (BMPs) to treat stormwater. This work evaluates the immobilized TiO₂ nanoparticle photocatalytic treatment of stormwater by Puralytic's LilyPad technology, both in lab-scale batch test and field-scale deployment at the OSU-Benton County Green Stormwater Infrastructure Research (OGSIR) Facility. The performance during field-scale deployment is compared to performance data for other BMPs. There were several key findings during lab tests. First, during lab tests with synthetic stormwater (SSW) containing multiple metals (Cu(II), Zn(II), and Fe(II)), Fe(II) inhibited the removal rates of Cu(II) and Zn(II). Second, in SSW containing PO₄³⁻, the LilyPad was responsible for a 22% reduction in phosphate. Third, at chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations comparable to stormwater from the OGSIR (170 ppm COD), potassium acid phthalate (KHP), a model complex organic, inhibited PurBlue dye removal via competitive adsorption. Fourth, a LilyPad prototype, utilizing a polypropylene substrate for TiO₂ nanoparticle immobilization, self-catalyzed (the TiO₂ photocatalytic degradation of the LilyPad's polypropylene immobilization substrate) under UV lamps, raising dissolved organic content (DOC) by as much as 28 ppm C. The magnitude of self-catalyization was greatest at low DOC concentrations with the rate decreasing with increasing DOC concentrations. When DOC concentrations in stormwater were higher than 10 ppm C, the point at which self-catalyization potentially ceases, the LilyPad was able to remove DOC at 0.24 ppm C/hr from 22 ppm C to 11 ppm C and at 0.14 ppm C/hr from 14 ppm C to 8 ppm C. At the field-scale, the LilyPad/retention pond combination does well compared to other stormwater BMPs at removing heavy metals (Cu(II), Zn(II) and Fe(II)), nitrate and DOC from the stormwater at the OGSIR; however, the LilyPad's contribution to the removal is difficult to ascertained due to similar pollutant removal during periods when the LilyPad was present versus periods when the LilyPad was not present. Also, the LilyPad was shown to become 50% fouled after 122 hours in stormwater at the OGSIR with the percent fouled rising to 80% after 800 hours.
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