Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Effects of ⁶⁰Co gamma irradiation on the reproductive performance of the brine shrimp, Artemia

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  • The brine shrimp, Artemia, was used as an experimental organism to study the effects of ⁶⁰Co gamma irradiation on the reproductive performance of an animal population. The total reproductive ability of the brine shrimp was fractionated into various components and the effects of irradiation on each of these components was then determined by studies of reproductive behavior in individual pair matings. In this study, the components identified were the number of broods produced per pair, the number of nauplii voided per pair, the number of nauplii voided per brood, the survival of nauplii to sexual maturity, the number of mature adults produced per brood, and finally the number of mature adults produced per pair. All component parameters of total reproductive performance were shown to be affected by irradiation. However, the number of broods per pair was shown to be the factor most affected by doses of 1200 rads or less. The final parameter, the number of mature adults produced per pair, is really the measurement of the net reproductive potential of Artemia. The net reproduction was also examined by making counts of the total population contained in three liter population cultures, and contrasted to the results obtained with the pair mating studies. It was demonstrated that the population cultures may be maintained by using only a small part of the reproductive potential exhibited in the pair matings. Therefore, we find that the results of pair matings must necessarily be used to assess the amount that the reproductive potential of Artemia is decreased due to various doses of irradiation. It was determined that for Artemia irradiated at the most sensitive stage, a dose of 2100 rads produced sterility. At less sensitive stages, more than 3000 rads would be required to produce sterility. In a single experiment, Artemia irradiated with 300 rads gave an indication of a slight enhancement of reproductive ability as compared to the control animals. In all cases, doses of 600 rads or less showed little effect on the reproductive ability of this species.
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