Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

The effects of DMSO on wound periderm formation in potato tuber tissue

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  • A study was conducted to determine the influence of DMSO (dimethyl sulfoxide) on suberization and wound periderm formation in cut potato tuber tissue, and to determine the effectiveness of DMSO as a potato seedpiece treatment for prevention of seedpiece decay in the field. The influences of tuber storage conditions, varieties, and physiological age were combined with DMSO treatments. Continuous illumination of the tuber tissue plugs, and seed-piece planting in irrigated and non-irrigated soil were also combined with DMSO treatments. DMSO was the most effective in improving suberization and phellogen formation in tuber tissue plugs when plugs were soaked for three minutes in a 4% DMSO solution. Suberization and phellogen formation in plugs cut from tubers immediately upon removal of the tubers from cold storage (2°-7° C.) was superior to that found in plugs from tubers held continuously at room temperature (23°-25°C.). DMSO treatments consistently improved suberization and phellogen formation in plugs from tubers which had been held continuously at room temperature. In these plugs, DMSO treatments resulted in thicker and/or more uniform suberization and phellogen formation than that found in the water controls. However, less influence of DMSO on suberization and phellogen formation was observed in plugs cut from tubers immediately upon removal of the tubers from cold storage. Plugs cut from Norgold tubers after the tubers had been taken from cold storage and pre-warmed 3-4 days showed the greatest influence of DMSO on suberization and phellogen formation. In this tissue, DMSO caused thicker and/or more uniform suberization and phellogen formation than that found in the water controls. DMSO was less effective in influencing suberization and phellogen formation in plugs cut from Russet Burbank and Kennebec tubers which had been held under the same storage conditions as the Norgold tubers. DMSO did not notably or consistently influence suberin and phellogen formation in plugs from tubers of any one physiological age more than another, when evaluation was not made until nine months after harvest. Continuous illumination increased suberization in the plugs, but did not influence the action of DMSO in suberization and phellogen development to any greater extent than that observed in plugs which were not illuminated following preparation. DMSO was not significantly better than water in preventing decay of Russet Burbank and Norgold seedpieces. Russet Burbank seedpieces treated with 16% and 32% DMSO showed a higher incidence of decay than those treated with lesser concentrations of DMSO. Russet Burbank seedpieces treated with DMSO and planted in soil which was well irrigated prior to planting developed thicker suberized and wound periderm layers than seedpieces treated with water alone and planted. Russet Burbank seedpieces treated with DMSO and planted in non-irrigated soil did not develop suberized and wound periderm layers which were any more extensive than that found in seedpieces treated with water alone and planted. Differences in seedpiece decay were not generally correlated with differences in suberization and wound periderm development. Under conditions of the experiment, seedpiece decay in seedpieces treated with 2% DMSO was greater than decay in seedpieces treated with Morsodren and Captan, but was less than decay found in seedpieces treated with Semesan Bel and Captan/DMSO. Plant stand evaluations indicated that DMSO increased the number of stems per hill and stems per plot in seedpieces cut from Russet Burbank tubers immediately after removal of the tubers from cold storage, and in seedpieces cut from Norgold tubers after the tubers had been taken from cold storage and pre -warmed. Seedpieces cut from Russet Burbank tubers after the tubers had been taken from cold storage and pre-warmed generally showed no influence of DMSO on the plant stand.
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Déclaration de droits
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  • File scanned at 300 ppi using Capture Perfect 3.0 on a Canon DR-9050C in PDF format. CVista PdfCompressor 5.0 was used for pdf compression and textual OCR.
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