Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation

 

Taste responses in Columbian black-tailed deer (Odocoileus hemionus columbianus (Richardson)) Public Deposited

Downloadable Content

Download PDF
https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/tq57nt80x

Descriptions

Attribute NameValues
Creator
Abstract
  • Taste responses of the Columbian black-tailed deer, Odocoileus hemionus columbianus (Richardson), were determined by use of the two-choice preference test method, where the choices were tap water and tap water-chemical solutions in ascending concentrations. The chemicals tested were: the sugars, glucose and sucrose; the sodium salts of chloride (NaC1) and acetate (NaAc); the acids, hydrochloric (HC1), acetic (HAc) and butyric (HBu); and quinine sulfate (QSO₄), quinine monohydrochloride, and saccharin (the non-sodium, crystalline form). Animals used in the study consisted of twelve deer, half bucks and half does, plus four Hampshire sheep as a control group for comparison with previous work. The deer, initially about five months old, were penned by sex into four groups of three deer each. The separately penned groups were fed ad libitum pelleted alfalfa hay and Fischer's calf grower. Responses were determined by expressing the consumption of test fluid as percent intake of the total fluid consumed for a given time period. The non-discrimination zone was derived by determining the normal variation, with tap water in both containers, around a theoretical mean intake of 50% from each container. To determine if there were differences in response due to sex both graphical analysis and a paired "t" test were used. The chemical concentrations at the preference and rejection thresholds for deer were 57% and 43% of total fluid intake, respectively. For sheep the non-discrimination range was calculated to be from 44% to 56%. Specific results are as follows: 1. Deer demonstrated stronger preferences for sweet solutions than sheep. The average sensitivity levels of deer and sheep for glucose were at 0.0294 M and 0.1388 M, respectively. The average sensitivity level of deer for sucrose was at 0.00705 M and the sheep were too variable for determination. 2. Deer preferred saccharin over a wide range of concentrations but to a much lesser degree than for the two sugars. Sheep were variable in response. The average sensitivity levels of deer and sheep for saccharin were at 0.0298 mM and 0.1024 mM, respectively. 3. Deer strongly preferred sodium acetate but not sodium chloride. Sheep were variable in response to both salts. The average sensitivity levels of deer and sheep for sodium chloride were at 0.1516 M and 0.2352 M, respectively. The average sensitivity levels of deer and sheep for sodium acetate were at 0.0085 M and 0.0353 M, respectively. 4. Deer exhibited a wide range of fairly strong preference for acetic acid, but not for butyric and hydrochloric acid. Sheep demonstrated distinct rejection trends for all three acids. Test results with sodium acetate and acetic acid verified the strong preference of deer for the acetate radical. The average sensitivity levels of deer and sheep for acetic acid were at 0.0011 M and 0.1049 M, respectively. The average sensitivity levels of deer and sheep for butyric acid were at 0.0100 M and 0.0014 M, respectively. The average sensitivity levels of deer and sheep for hydrochloric acid were at 0.0258 M and 0.0021 M, respectively. Deer clearly rejected the volatile fatty acids (acetic and butyric acid) at a higher pH than hydrochloric acid which has a less objectionable smell. 5. Definite sex differences were observed in the bitter taste response of deer. Bucks demonstrated a marked preference for bitter solutions while the does and sheep rejected them. The average sensitivity levels of deer and sheep for quinine sulfate were at 0.0386 mM and 0.1596 mM, respectively. The average sensitivity levels of deer and sheep for quinine monohydrochloride were at 0.0283 mM and 0.0204 mM, respectively. 6. Among glucose, sodium chloride, acetic acid and the quinine compounds, the quinine compounds are the most effective taste stimulants (i. e. , accepted at the lowest concentration). Acetic acid is next in effectiveness, followed by sodium chloride and glucose, respectively. 7. Based on the sum of sensitivity levels of deer, sheep, goats and calves in a sensitivity series for each of the primary taste modalities, goats appear to be the most sensitive, followed by deer, calves and finally by sheep. 8. Species differences in taste responses appear to be a product of the evolutionary process. 9. Future studies of more ruminant species are requisite to a basic understanding of taste responses and all of their applied ramifications.
Resource Type
Date Available
Date Issued
Degree Level
Degree Name
Degree Field
Degree Grantor
Commencement Year
Advisor
Academic Affiliation
Non-Academic Affiliation
Subject
Rights Statement
Publisher
Peer Reviewed
Language
Digitization Specifications
  • File scanned at 300 ppi (Monochrome) using ScandAll PRO 1.8.1 on a Fi-6770A in PDF format. CVista PdfCompressor 5.0 was used for pdf compression and textual OCR.
Replaces
Additional Information
  • description.provenance : Made available in DSpace on 2014-02-20T17:38:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CrawfordJames1970.pdf: 830181 bytes, checksum: c130350ad798cf6be1cd18c8132d0924 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1969-11-21
  • description.provenance : Approved for entry into archive by Katy Davis(kdscannerosu@gmail.com) on 2014-02-20T17:38:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CrawfordJames1970.pdf: 830181 bytes, checksum: c130350ad798cf6be1cd18c8132d0924 (MD5)
  • description.provenance : Submitted by Georgeann Booth (gbscannerosu@gmail.com) on 2014-02-19T23:10:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CrawfordJames1970.pdf: 830181 bytes, checksum: c130350ad798cf6be1cd18c8132d0924 (MD5)
  • description.provenance : Approved for entry into archive by Patricia Black(patricia.black@oregonstate.edu) on 2014-02-20T16:33:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CrawfordJames1970.pdf: 830181 bytes, checksum: c130350ad798cf6be1cd18c8132d0924 (MD5)

Relationships

Parents:

This work has no parents.

In Collection:

Items