Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Iron availability from corn tortillas and cooked beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) : a study on the effect of fiber

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  • Absorption of iron from foods has been reported to be inhibited by various factors including some diet components. Fiber from different sources has been observed to bind ferrous iron. This may be the reason for iron deficiencies observed in populations that consume diets high in non-digestible materials. The effect of different levels of fiber from corn tortillas and cooked beans on iron availability in the rat was studied. Iron-depleted rats were fed test diets containing different levels of iron and fiber and the diets were tested for their hemoglobin repletion ability. Estimation of the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in corn tortillas and cooked beans and the soluble and ionizable iron in the test foods and diets were also determined. Corn tortillas contained 6.53% NDF. Raw beans contained 5.80% NDF and increase to 15.75% upon cooking. In cooked beans, 60.16% of the total iron is in the insoluble form while only 20.3% of the total iron in corn tortillas is insoluble. The mean relative biological value (RBV) for the test diets was 55.0 ± 19.0% with values ranging,from 40.41 ± 12.50% to 64.34 ± 11.10% compared to that of ferrous sulfate (100% available). Fiber or iron level had no significant effect on iron availability, however, a ratio of 1.78 of corn tortilla to cooked beans showed the highest degree of iron availability. Percent efficiency of the test diets to incorporate iron into hemoglobin ranged from 11.70 ± 1.4% for a diet containing 25 ppm iron and 15% NDF to 25.61 ± 6.10% for 35 ppm iron, 10% NDF diet. The control diet containing 30 ppm ferrous sulfate had a 43.0 ± 8.7% efficiency. Percent efficiency seems to show less variability in the determination of iron availability from foods than RBV. A significant correlation (p < 0.01) between soluble iron at pH 1.35 in vitro and percent efficiency was observed. This method could be used to predict iron availability for different foods.
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