Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Storage quality of broccoli florets and evaluation of modified atmosphere packaging

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/v118rh91g

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  • The effect of some factors that can affect quality characteristics of broccoli florets in storage was evaluated. Quality characteristics of broccoli florets with different rates of field nitrogen (N) application (0, 90, 180, and 270 Kg N/ha from urea) were evaluated in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) (B-900 Cryovac film) storage at 0°C. Increased field N application resulted in more green color and higher chlorophyll concentration but these differences disappeared as chlorophyll linearly decreased by 50% during 28 days of MAP storage. N fertilization up to 180 Kg/ha increased ascorbic acid content at harvest but losses in storage were not affected by nitrogen fertilization treatments. It was noted in several of the packages with B-900 film that off-odors were present after storage. While this was noted late in the evaluation (not quantified) this led to a second experiment. MAP using three Cryovac polyolefin films (PD-941, PD-961EZ, and PD- 900) and perforated polyethylene bags were evaluated for broccoli florets stored at 0°, 5°, and 10°C. Films with differential permeability properties had similar effects on controlling weight loss but significantly affected in-package CO₂ and O₂ concentrations. Color (Hue angle and Chroma) and chlorophyll retention was better in MAP broccoli florets than perforated bag controls. MAP also delayed loss of ascorbic acid. The beneficial effects of MAP were especially noticeable when the florets were stored at 5° and 10°C in which shelf life was appreciably extended. Broccoli florets in PD-941 film developed no off-odors during 28 days storage even under the highest (10°C) storage temperature. Seven different broccoli cultivars were evaluated for quality in MAP storage using Cryovac PD-941 film. Weight loss was kept very low (less than 3%) during 21 days at 4°C and even 5 days after transfer to 15°C storage room. Differences in ascorbic acid content, chlorophyll concentration and green coloration were found among cultivars. While these quality characteristics differed greatly between cultivars at harvest, they lost them at different rates in storage. From this study, 'ATX91-307' followed by 'Emerald' appeared to be superior to the others during simulated marketing conditions of 21 days at 4°C plus 5 days at 15°C under near optimal MAP conditions.
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