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Elementary education competencies necessary for a master's degree curriculum in Thailand

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  • The purposes of this study were to identify the common elementary education competencies necessary for a Master's degree curriculum in Thailand as perceived by elementary education instructors in universities and colleges, by elementary school teachers, and by principals, supervisors, and administrators in Thailand; to determine the common clusters of selected competencies; and to determine if differences existed among the three groups on the competency mean scores for two test areas: Importance of Content and Level of Learning. The instrument was validated through the Delphi technique and contained 50 competencies with 5-point and 6-point Likert-type scales to denote the Importance of Content and Level of Learning. A one-way analysis of variance was used for hypothesis testing. Tukey's test was conducted for multiple comparisons. The R-mode factor analysis was utilized to cluster competencies for purposes of curriculum development. The computed reliability coefficients of the instrument, using the Hoyt-Stunkard's technique, were found to be +.96 and +.94 for the Importance of Content and Level of Learning scales, respectively. For the Importance of Content, the respondents indicated that 45 competencies met the "very important" level and five competencies met the "average importance" level. For the Level of Learning, three competencies were considered at the "Synthesis" level, 20 competencies were considered at the "Analysis" level, and 27 competencies were identified at the "Application" level. A five-factor solution extracted 42 competencies with factor loadings of +.42 or higher for Importance of Content, and 39 competencies with loadings of +.42 or higher for Level of Learning. Factors in both Importance of Content and Level of Learning identified for curriculum planning were: Curriculum, Supervision and Administration; Research and Measurement; Teaching/Learning Theories and Techniques; Educational Foundation; and Professional Interaction. Based upon the findings of this study, it was recommended that elementary education graduate curriculum should be developed around the five factors, that all competencies be included in a Master's degree curriculum in. elementary education in Thailand, and that instruction, curriculum material, and learning activities be prepared to meet the Level of Learning required for each competency.
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