Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Effects of varying levels of nitrogen and zinc on growth and nutrient composition of the sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.)

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  • The effects of N and Zn treatments on growth and nutrient composition of sweet cherry trees were investigated in greenhouse and outdoor sand culture experiments. In these studies, one-year old clonal F12-1 sweet cherry trees were grown in dithizone purified nutrient solution consisting of three levels of N (3O, 80, and 224 ppm N) in factorial combination with four levels of Zn (0, .025, 1.25, and 5 ppm Zn). Dry weights and the concentrations of the major and minor elements were measured for the roots, trunks, and leaves for each tree. The results show that the N levels significantly increased the dry weights of all plant parts under the two study conditions. Increasing the Zn level from 0 to 1.25 ppm significantly increased the dry weights of the various parts of trees from the two locations. Application of 5 ppm Zn produced significantly less increases in dry weights of the various parts of the outdoor trees, but slightly decreased the dry weights of all plant parts in the greenhouse. The N levels significantly increased both the concentration and uptake of N by the leaves and various parts of trees from the two locations. The Zn treatments decreased the concentration of N in leaves of the greenhouse trees at the N₁ level but increased it outdoors. Both the N and Zn levels had variable effects on the concentrations of P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Cu, and B in the various parts of trees from the two locations, but generally increased their uptake by these plant parts. The N and Zn treatments consistently increased both the concentration and uptake of Zn by leaves and various parts of the greenhouse and outdoor trees. The hypothesis was proposed that N is antagonistic to Zn uptake by leaves of plants. The results of this investigation gave no evidence in support of this hypothesis. Instead, the data show some evidence that N is synergistic to Zn in that an increase in N uptake by the leaves resulted in a corresponding increase in Zn uptake. This phenomenon was also evidenced in the various sections of the trees analyzed. The conclusion reached was that N is synergistically related to Zn in plant and that this relationship can be effectively utilized to control Zn deficiency in the field, of practical significance in commercial fruit production.
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