Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Consolidation characteristics of sand-clay mixtures

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  • Combinations of cohesive and cohesionless soils are often encountered when evaluating the engineering properties of soils. The stress-volume characteristics of the mixed soil are found to vary according to the proportion of each component. If the cohesive soil composes more than a certain fraction of the material, the magnitude of volume change for a stress increment will be a function of the compressibility of the cohesive soil. When the amount of cohesive material is less than this fraction, volume change is controlled by the behavior of the cohesionless material. Two methods have gained wide acceptance for predicting the behavior of soil mixtures. If more than 50 percent of the material is fine grained, the Unified Classification System defines the behavior of the system by the characteristics of the fine grained material. The American Association for State Highway Officials requires 35 percent or more fine grained material to define fine grained behavior. The purpose of this investigation was to establish a method for predicting the compressional characteristics of a mixture controlled by cohesive materials and to determine the percentage at which the cohesionless soil began to control the behavior. The two sized system was first investigated theoretically. Relationships were established for predicting the behavior of the mixture in one dimensional consolidation and for determining the point of control by the cohesionless component. The validity of the theoretical approach was established by performing a laboratory investigation. The program included nine consolidation tests on specimens with varying proportions of sand and clay. The results of the laboratory investigation indicated that the theoretical relationship for calculating the compressional characteristics was valid if the percentage of sand was less than 65 percent of the total weight of solids. Above 65 percent sand the cohesionless material dominated the behavior of the system making the theoretical relationship invalid.
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