Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Diet and feeding behavior of cattle at risk to dietary acute bovine pulmonary emphysema (DABPE)

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  • The objectives of this study were to determine the diets of cattle at risk to DABPE on stress and inciting pastures and to determine if segregated feeding groups of cattle displayed differential susceptibility to DABPE. Stress pastures were classified and mapped by plant communities and segregated feeding group areas. Cattle diets were determined for each segregated feeding group area. Cattle were marked to identify each individual as a member of a particular group. Major dietary species on the stress pastures were Kentucky bluegrass, Idaho fescue, bluebunch wheatgrass, elk sedge, yellow sweetclover, and American vetch. Major dietary species on the inciting pastures were alfalfa, common timothy, smooth brome, Kentucky bluegrass, and reed canarygrass. Twenty cows whose activities could be traced back to a specific area on the stress pasture contracted DABPE during the study. Two similarities were common to 19 of the 20 cows stricken with the disease. Nineteen of these cows had grazed on areas of the stress pasture where the diet was lower in percent dry matter than the diets on the driest areas of the same stress pasture. The same cows all had grazed areas on the stress pasture where Kentucky bluegrass was the dominant dietary species. However, there was not sufficient evidence to conclude that Kentucky bluegrass was a causative agent of DABPE. Forty-three cows between the age of five and twelve years showed signs of DABPE during the two year study. Thirty-two cows were stricken on the Izee inciting pasture in 1974 (20 percent overall morbidity) and seven died (22 percent mortality of those animals stricken). Only nine of the 32 stricken cows could be traced back to specific areas on the stress pasture. Thirty-three cows had grazed on the two stress pasture areas that appeared to be associated with DABPE. The nine stricken cows accounted for a morbidity of 27 percent and a mortality of 33 percent. Nine cows showed signs of DABPEon the Rockpile inciting pasture in 1974 (17 percent overall morbidity) and none died. All nine were from two specific stress pasture areas. Twenty-five cows had grazed on the two stress pasture areas that appeared to be associated with DABPE. The nine stricken cows accounted for a morbidity of 36 percent. Cattle were drylotted and introduced over a period of six days to the Izee inciting pasture in 1975. No cases of DABPE were noted. Two cows showed signs of DABPE on the Rockpile inciting pasture in 1975 (2.8 percent overall morbidity) and one died. Both cows had grazed the same area on the stress pasture in a group of 20 cows. When cattle were drylotted for three to six days while being gradually introduced to the inciting pastures no mortality from DABPE was noted. Prior to drylotting neither ranch had experienced zero mortality from DABPE for at least ten years.
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