Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation

 

Monensin and zeranol alone and in combination for growing-finishing steers and growing heifers Öffentlichkeit Deposited

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https://ir.library.oregonstate.edu/concern/graduate_thesis_or_dissertations/x059cb158

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  • Ninety-two spring-born and 76 fall-born steer and heifer calves (Hereford and Angus x Hereford) averaging 188 and 255 kg, respectively, were utilized in a 2x2 factorial arrangement of treatments to study the effects of zeranol and monensin, alone and in combination, on growth rate, feed efficiency and carcass characteristics. After weaning, calves were stratified by weight for random allotment to four treatments: 1) control (no monensin, no zeranol); 2) zeranol alone; 3) monensin alone; and 4) zeranol-monensin combination. Zeranol (36 mg) was implanted subcutaneously in the ear every 90 days and monensin (200 mg) was fed daily. The diet for both growing periods consisted of hay free choice and a barley-biuret supplement. The diet of both finishing periods (steers only) consisted of a full feed of barley with limited hay intake and biuret for additional protein. Results for the spring-born calves indicated treatments 3 and 4 increased ADG (P<.05) during the winter (196 days) while feed efficiency for steers and heifers was improved by 8, 5; 24, 21; and 27, 11% on treatments 2, 3 and 4, respectively, as compared to 1. Average daily gain for the summer grazing period (98 days) was increased (P<.05) by treatments 2 and 4. During the finishing period (97 days), treatment 4 increased ADG (P<.05), while monensin improved feed efficiency by 12%. Overall ADG (391 days) for steers was increased 3, 7 and 16% on treatments 2, 3 and 4, respectively, as compared to 1. During the growing period (111 days), fall-born steers and heifers gained .68, .61; .86, .70; .82, .71; and .88, .86 kg, respectively, on treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4. All treatments increased gains (P<.05) over 1 with treatment 4 producing increased gains (P<.05) with the heifers. During the 153-day finishing period for treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4, gains were .85, .95, .92 and 1.01 kg, respectively, with treatments 2 and 3 different (P<.05) from 1 and treatment 4 different (P<.05) from 1 and 3. Again, monensin improved feed efficiency by 12%. Overall ADG (264 days) for steers was increased 13, 9 and 18% on treatments 2, 3 and 4, respectively, over 1. Carcass data for all steers indicated a one-third older maturity score (P<.05) for steers receiving zeranol. Zeranol-implanted steers also exhibited a tendency for a slight reduction in quality grade but improved (2.1 vs. 2.3) yield grade. Either zeranol or monensin produced an acceptable increase in gains, but the additive effect exhibited by their combination provided additional and more consistent gains during the growing and finishing periods.
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