Graduate Thesis Or Dissertation
 

Temperature effects on Pacific oyster embryos subjected to spent sulfite liquor

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  • An exploratory study of 48-hour Pacific oyster embryo bioassays employing spent sulfite liquor (SSL) in test concentrations ranging from 10 to 45 ppm was made at two incubation temperatures, 20° and 24° C. Fourteen separate bioassays, each employing embryos originating from three to four different parentages, were conducted at the Yaquina Bay Laboratory during the summer of 1964. Comparative SSL bioassays at 20° and 24° C showed that significantly greater numbers of normal oyster larvae were always produced at an incubation temperature of 24° than at 20° (p < 0.01). In addition, the comparative median effective concentration (EC₅₀) values obtained from ten separate daily bioassays indicated that in each case the inimical affects of SSL were considerably less at 24° than at 20°. The calculated reductions in toxicity ranged from 17.1 to 60.3 percent, resulting in an average of 34.0 percent toxicity decrease. Further, 24° C incubated larvae were considerably more normal in appearance, and length measurements of larvae made from 20° and 24° control groups from the same parentage showed significantly larger sizes at 24°. A probable explanation of the cause for diminished inimical effects of SSL on Pacific oyster embryos when incubated at 24° C as compared to 20° is that the higher temperature was probably nearer the optimum for embryonic development of the species.
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